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Plato on Education and Art
Rachana Kamtekar
1. Introduction
Concern with education animates Plato’s works: in the Apology, Socrates
describes his life’s mission of practising philosophy as aimed at getting the Athenians to
care for virtue (29d-e, 31b); in the Gorgias, he claims that happiness depends entirely on
education and justice (470e); in the Protagoras and Meno he puzzles about whether virtue
is teachable or how else it might be acquired; in the Phaedrus he explains that teaching
and persuading require knowledge of the soul and its powers, which requires knowledge
of what objects the soul may act upon and be acted upon by, which in turn requires
knowledge of the whole of nature (277b-c, 270d); in the Laws the Athenian Stranger says
that education is the most important activity (803d), and that the office of director of state
education is the most important office of the state (765d-e). Each of Plato’s two longest
works, the Laws and Republic, tirelessly details a utopian educational programme. And
Plato’s outlook on the arts (poetry, theatre, music, painting) is dominated by
considerations of whether they help or hinder correct education.
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To bring Plato’s vast and multifaceted concern with education into focus it will be
helpful to begin by looking through the lens of his differences with those he styles
...